#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <exception>
#include <ios>
#include <string>
#include <typeinfo>

using namespace std;

void exception1() {
    try {
        int* myarray= new int[1000000000000000];
    } 
    catch (exception& e) {
        cout << "Standard exception: " << e.what() << endl;
    }
}

void exception2() {
    ofstream file;
    file.exceptions(ofstream::failbit | ofstream::badbit);
    try {
        file.open("output.txt", ios_base::app);
        file << "Write this to the file" << endl;
        file.close();
    }
    catch (ofstream::failure &e) {
        cout << "Exception writing to file: " << file.rdstate() << endl;
    }
}

void exception3helper(int x) throw(int, string) {
    if(x < 10) {
        throw 1;
    } else if (x > 100) {
        throw 2;
    } else if (x == 47) {
        string s("hidden message");
        throw s;
    } else {
        cout << "Just right" << endl;
    }    
}

void exception3() {
    try {
        exception3helper(47);
    } 
    catch (int excNumber) {
        if(excNumber == 1) {
            cout << "Number too small exception thrown" << endl;
        } else if (excNumber == 2) {
            cout << "Number too big exception thrown" << endl;
        } else {
            cout << "Unknown integer exception" << endl;
        }
    }
    catch (string excString) {
        cout << "String exception: " << excString << endl;
    }
}

int main () {
    exception3();
    cout << "return to main" << endl;
    
    return (0);
}